THE CONCEPT OF IJTIHAD IN THE METODOLOJY OF ISLAMIC LAW

Abstract

Islamic law is a comprehensive system encompassing all aspects of human life. It regulates the religious and worldly obligations and responsibilities of Muslims, as well as their relationships with Allah and other people. In Islamic law, the fatwa plays a special role in establishing legal norms. Issuing a fatwa on any given issue, in turn, requires ijtihad.

The Quran and Hadith, the primary sources of Islam, contain numerous calls for reflection and deep analysis. From this perspective, ijtihad is a rational action of great importance for the correct understanding and application of religious texts. As time passes, new issues inevitably arise, reflecting the dynamic nature of life. The finite nature of religious texts and the infinite nature of emerging questions underline the perpetual relevance of the phenomenon of ijtihad.

This article delves into the concept, significance, and scope of ijtihad within the methodology of Islamic law. It explores its role in decision-making, the qualifications required for ijtihad, its legal status, the issues where ijtihad is permitted and prohibited, as well as the causes and consequences of "the closing of the gates of ijtihad" and the renewed efforts in subsequent centuries.